Web+Project+-Tests

Tests Some advantages for multiple choice test items are the following: Time saved in scoring multiple-choice tests may be more than couterbalanced by the time required to construct good items. Like two-response tests, mulitple-choice tests do provide some opportunity for guessing. Simple distractors lead to easily answered questions that can quickly be recalled by a student who has done some short-term memorization. Partially correct answers, while somewhat effective, can also lead to a decrease in overall classroom scores as students answer multiple choice questions that, while correct, are not as correct as other responses. Students who do not know the answer will nearly always guess, giving the instructor an incorrect view of the student's overall knowledge. || ||
 * Name || Topic || Image ||
 * Amy || Acheson || __** Two-Response Test item: **__
 * Allowing students to select from two answers; one of which is correct
 * Example - true/false questions || [[image:edfn338sp2013-online/truefalse.jpg width="270" height="180"]] ||
 * Spencer || Adams || Advantages- ||  ||
 * Justin || Barnett || Disadvantages- ||  ||
 * Kathryn || Brock || Multiple Choice Test items:
 * Most widely used type of test item
 * Questions involve a stem that is often in the form of a question
 * Generally given three or more answer choices
 * One is the best choice, the others are called distractors.
 * Can be used to measure a variety of outcomes
 * Can be used for simple or complex skills || [[image:edfn338sp2013-online/multiple choice test.png]] ||
 * Abigail || Bulock || Advantages:
 * They can measure many levels of learning of the students.
 * They are easy to score for the teacher or any other area associated with the school.
 * They can be analyzed for a variety statistics that the educators want to measure.
 * They can be an effective assessment tool if they are well-constructed questions.
 * [|Link] || [[image:edfn338sp2013-online/Advantages For Multiple Choice Test Items.jpg width="265" height="217"]] ||
 * Timothy || Furness || Disadvantages-
 * Ashley || Geditz || Matching Test items:
 * Individual items relate to a single topic
 * All items in the set are distractors
 * Usually consist of 2 lists
 * One is the stimuli or questions, the other is the possible responses
 * One format is to place to numbers or answers on the line next to the stimulus
 * Another option is having learner draw a line connecting each stimulus item with the correct answer. || [[image:edfn338sp2013-online/match.jpg width="258" height="124"]] ||
 * Amanda || Gilbertson || Advantages-

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Students are able to see their choices, so in a case they studied and know the information, but drew blank on the test, then by having choices helps gives options. Also, process of elimination is a great strategy for students so they can do the ones they know and then from there eliminate ones they don't, and from there try their "best guess" ===== || || One of the main disadvantages of matching tests is that they tend to focus on relationships. This restricts the range of content they can assess. In addition, matching tests are not well suited to assessing learners abilities to perform tasks requiring the use of higher-level thinking skills. || || Performance Assessment is assessing tasks in more realistice and relevant ways. The basic characteristic this type of assessment is that they attempt to assess the performance of a student on a realistic or “authentic” task. Many important educational objectives require performance assessment. Performance assessment is especially useful in evaluating learner behaviors associated with such tasks as working with others, giving oral presentations, participating in discussions, playing a musical instrument, demonstrating physical education skills, conducting experiments, setting up equipment, and using computers. || || a purposeful collection of artifacts and performances related to a learners’ effort, progress, or achievement. - Students know their own weaknesses - Individualized instruction - Emphasis on the entire learning process rather than just a one-time performance - Portfolio not only shows a student's performance, but also his/her efforts - Students are responsible for their own learning - Increase students' motivation and self-respect, and satisfaction - Students compete with themselves, rather than with other students - Teacher can use portfolios to adjust teaching || || • Time consuming and challenging to evaluate• Space and ownership challenges make evaluation difficult• Content may vary widely among students• Students may fail to remember to collect items• Transfer students may not be in the position to provide complete portfolio• Time intensive to convert to meaningful data• Costly in terms of evaluator time and effort• Management of the collection and evaluation process, including the establishment of reliable and valid grading criteria, is likely to be challenging• May not provide for externality• If samples to be included have been previously submitted for course grades, faculty may be concerned that a hidden agenda of the process is to validate their grading• Security concerns may arise as to whether submitted samples are the students’ own work or adhere to other measurement criteria• Must consider whether and how graduates will be allowed continued access to their portfolios || || an individual's scores are compared to the scores of the appropriate reference group. A common way of establishing these norms is by reference to scores that are distributed along a bell-shaped curve. || || [|LINK] ||  || This is a test that is administered and scored in a consistent, or "standard", manner. Standardized tests are designed in such a way that the questions, conditions for administering, scoring procedures, and interpretations are consistent and are administered and scored in a predetermined, standard manner. || || The standardization of these tests ensures that test-takers are being measured objectively on the same material. The grading is standardized, so test scores are the same no matter who or what is scoring them. This removes any bias that might stem from the scorer. On the other hand, tests that use subjective grading might yield scores that vary widely depending on who is scoring them. Standardized tests supposedly predict how well students will perform in the schools to which they’re applying. Another advantage of standardized testing is that the results can be generalized and repeated, which shows a degree of validity and reliability. An additional benefit stems from aggregation, which provides a more accurate assessment of a particular group’s skills and knowledge. One individual test-taker’s score may not indicate how well the test measures the body of knowledge it’s designed for. However, enough people take these tests so that their aggregate scores can provide useful information, because the percentage of assessment error decreases as the sample size increases. || || assessment tools that identify specific levels of performance required for each level of the rating scale. This helps to communicate to individuals what they must do in order to reach a given performance level. || || Advantages: forces the teacher to clarify criteria in detail, motivates the students to reach the standards, and gives the child more control over their own learning process Disadvantages: for the teacher they may be time consuming, complex criteria may confuse and stress the student, can also restrict the student's mind power and they will feel they need to complete the assignment strictly to the rubric instead of taking initiative to explore their learning. ||
 * Lilian || Harmer || Disadvantages:
 * Tyler || Hennagir || Free Response Test Items: ||  ||
 * Stacey || Hopf || Advantages: They can assess a broad range of thinking and often require students to demonstrate analysis, synthesis and evaluation learning. Free response test items also evaluate students ability to perform high level thinking skills. It allows students to use their thinking skills to generate answer on their own verses just picking from ones listed. || [[image:http://www.ilias.de/docu/data/docu/lm_data/lm_8782/images/essay.gif width="246" height="133"]] ||
 * Kayla || Kost || Disadvantages
 * A test taker's success relies on the quality of the test itself in addition to their own knowledge.
 * Scoring is time-consuming and often subjective.
 * Students with good writing, spelling, and handwriting have an advantage over other students.
 * They can only test a limited amount of material.
 * Whether or not a student scores well can be left up to chance depending on what specific questions are asked.
 * Questions can be unfairly weighted. || [[image:edfn338sp2013-online/free response.jpg width="207" height="154"]] ||
 * Jennifer || Lease || Performance Assessment:
 * Melissa || Ledeboer || Advantages:
 * They systematically document what children know and can do based on activities they engage in on a daily basis in their classrooms.
 * They are flexible enough to allow teachers to evaluate each child's progress using information obtained from ongoing classroom interactions with materials and peers.
 * They are a means for improving instruction, allowing teachers to plan a comprehensive, developmentally oriented curriculum based on their knowledge of each child.
 * They provide valuable, in-depth information for parents, administrators, and other policy makers.
 * They put responsibility for monitoring what children are learning
 * [|link] || [[image:edfn338sp2013-online/chapter 7.jpg]] ||
 * Eric || Liles ||  ||   ||
 * Alyssa || Masie || Disadvantages- ||  ||
 * Derek || Mertz ||  ||   ||
 * Chelsea || Meyer || Learner Portfolios:
 * Identify the purpose of the learner portfolio.
 * Decide on the contents.
 * Prepare cover sheets describing categories of individual items.
 * Identify criteria to be used in scoring a learner portfolio. || [[image:edfn338sp2013-online/working_portfolio.jpg width="192" height="150"]] ||
 * Neal || Petersen || Advantages:
 * Kayla || Plimpton || Disadvantages:
 * Kahryn || Ragsdale || Norm Referenced test:
 * Dawn || Ruhlman || Advantages:
 * To compare students, it is often easiest to use a norm-referenced test because they were created to rank test-takers.
 * NRT's are a quick snapshot of some of the things most people expect students to learn.
 * Students and teachers alike know what to expect from the test and just how the test will be conducted and graded.
 * Each and every school will conduct the exam in the same manner reducing such inaccuracies as time. differences or environmental differences that may cause distractions to the students.
 * Connor || Ruppert || Disadvantages ||  ||
 * Ashley || Ruud || Standardized Tests:
 * Sijing || Tian || Advantages:
 * Yusuf || Vinson ||  ||   ||
 * Angela || Wagner || Disadvantages:
 * 1) Standardized test items are not parallel with typical classroom skills and behaviors. Due to the fact that questions have to be generalizable to the entire population, most items assess general knowledge and understanding.
 * 2) Since general knowledge is assessed, educators cannot use standardized test results to inform their individual instruction methods. If recommendations are made, educators may begin to 'teach to the test' as opposed to teaching what is currently in the curriculum or based on the needs of their individual classroom.
 * 3) Standardized test items do not assess higher-level thinking skills.
 * 4) Standardized test scores are greatly influenced by non-academic factors, such as fatigue and attention. || [[image:edfn338sp2013-online/standardizedtest.gif]] ||
 * Christina || Warnke || Rubric Evaluations:
 * Brianna || Wing |||| Advantages & Disadvantages